Human Resistin Detection Antibody for ELISA (9 ml).

Species Reactivity	Key Applications	Host	Format	Antibody Type
A	ABA, ChIP, DB, ICC, IP	M	Purified	Monoclonal Antibody

Species Reactivity

Key Applications

Host

Format

Antibody Type

ABA, ChIP, DB, ICC, IP

Purified

Monoclonal Antibody

Description
Catalogue Number	MABE1095
Description	Anti-DNA-RNA Hybrid Antibody, clone S9.6
Alternate Names	DNA-RNA Duplex DNA/RNA Duplex DNA:RNA Duplex DNA-RNA Hybrid DNA/RNA Hybrid DNA:RNA Hybrid RNA-DNA Duplex RNA/DNA Duplex RNA:DNA Duplex RNA-DNA Hybrid RNA/DNA Hybrid RNA:DNA Hybrid
Background Information	DNA-RNA hybrids are a natural occurrence within eukaryotic cells and their level are high at sites of high transcriptional activity. They are non-canonical nucleic acid structures with transcriptional regulatory functions. Their presence is reported to predispose a locus to chromosomal breakage. A locus forming an DNA:RNA creates a double-stranded A/B intermediate conformation, with a second target for single-stranded nucleic acid binding proteins on the complementary, displaced DNA strand. They are shown to be resistant to the activity of DNA methyltransferases. The formation of DNA:RNA hybrids has been associated with a number of neurological diseases. Mutations in the DNA:RNA helicase senataxin (SETX) are implicated in the dominant juvenile form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4 and a recessive form of ataxia oculomotor apraxia type 2.

Description

Catalogue Number

MABE1095

Description

Anti-DNA-RNA Hybrid Antibody, clone S9.6

Alternate Names

DNA-RNA Duplex
DNA/RNA Duplex
DNA:RNA Duplex
DNA-RNA Hybrid
DNA/RNA Hybrid
DNA:RNA Hybrid
RNA-DNA Duplex
RNA/DNA Duplex
RNA:DNA Duplex
RNA-DNA Hybrid
RNA/DNA Hybrid
RNA:DNA Hybrid

Background Information

DNA-RNA hybrids are a natural occurrence within eukaryotic cells and their level are high at sites of high transcriptional activity. They are non-canonical nucleic acid structures with transcriptional regulatory functions. Their presence is reported to predispose a locus to chromosomal breakage. A locus forming an DNA:RNA creates a double-stranded A/B intermediate conformation, with a second target for single-stranded nucleic acid binding proteins on the complementary, displaced DNA strand. They are shown to be resistant to the activity of DNA methyltransferases. The formation of DNA:RNA hybrids has been associated with a number of neurological diseases. Mutations in the DNA:RNA helicase senataxin (SETX) are implicated in the dominant juvenile form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4 and a recessive form of ataxia oculomotor apraxia type 2.

Product Information
Format	Purified
Presentation	Purified mouse IgG2aκ in buffer containing 0.1 M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl with 0.05% sodium azide.

Product Information

Format

Purified

Presentation

Purified mouse IgG2aκ in buffer containing 0.1 M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl with 0.05% sodium azide.

Applications
Application	Anti-DNA-RNA Hybrid, clone S9.6, Cat. No. MABE1095, is a highly specific mouse monoclonal antibody, that targets DNA-RNA hybrid and has been tested in Affinity Binding Assay, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), ChIP-seq, Dot Blot, Immunocytochemistry, and Immunoprecipitation.
Key Applications	Affinity Binding Assay Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Dot Blot Immunocytochemistry Immunoprecipitation
Application Notes	Dot Blot Analysis: 0.2 µg/mL from a representative lot detected an enhanced level of DNA-RNA hybrids in genomic extracts from RNase H-deficient yeast strain than extracts from wild-type strain (Courtesy of Lorenzo Costantino, Ph.D., Koshland Lab, University of California at Berkley, U.S.A.). Affinity Binding Assay: Clone S9.6 bound the DNA-RNA heteropolymer and poly(I)-poly(dC) equally, but 100-fold higher levels of poly(A)-poly(dT) were required to achieve a similar degree of binding. Single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA and RNA, and ribosomal RNA were not bound by clone S9.6 (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130). Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Analysis: A representative lot detected increased DNA RNA hybrids at four actively transcribed genes upon shRNA-mediated knockdown of BRCA1 or BRCA2, but not PCID2 or RAD51 in HeLa cells (Bhatia, V., et al. (2014). Nature. 511(7509):362-365). Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Analysis: A representative lot detected R-loops formed over beta-actin gene using HeLa chromatin preparation. RNase H treatment of the chromatin preparation prevented clone S9.6 from immunoprecipitating target chromatin fragments (Skourti-Stathaki, K., et al. (2011). Mol. Cell. 42(6):794-805). Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) Analysis: A representative lot detected genome-wide distribution of DNA-RNA hybrids in budding yeast by ChIP-seq analysis (El Hage, A., et al. (2014). PLoS Genet. 10(10):e1004716). Immunocytochemistry Analysis: Representative lots immunolocalized nuclear R loops by fluorescent immunocytochemistry staining of methanol-fixed H1 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and formaldehyde-fixed HeLa cells (Bhatia, V., et al. (2014). Nature. 511(7509):362-365; Ginno, P.A., et al. (2012). Mol. Cell. 45(6):814-825). Immunoprecipitation Analysis: A representative lot immunoprecipitated in vitro transcribed R-loop substrate (DNA-RNA hybrid), but not doouble-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (Ginno, P.A., et al. (2012). Mol. Cell. 45(6):814-825).

Applications

Application

Anti-DNA-RNA Hybrid, clone S9.6, Cat. No. MABE1095, is a highly specific mouse monoclonal antibody, that targets DNA-RNA hybrid and has been tested in Affinity Binding Assay, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), ChIP-seq, Dot Blot, Immunocytochemistry, and Immunoprecipitation.

Key Applications

Affinity Binding Assay
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
Dot Blot
Immunocytochemistry
Immunoprecipitation

Application Notes

Dot Blot Analysis: 0.2 µg/mL from a representative lot detected an enhanced level of DNA-RNA hybrids in genomic extracts from RNase H-deficient yeast strain than extracts from wild-type strain (Courtesy of Lorenzo Costantino, Ph.D., Koshland Lab, University of California at Berkley, U.S.A.).

Affinity Binding Assay: Clone S9.6 bound the DNA-RNA heteropolymer and poly(I)-poly(dC) equally, but 100-fold higher levels of poly(A)-poly(dT) were required to achieve a similar degree of binding. Single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA and RNA, and ribosomal RNA were not bound by clone S9.6 (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130).

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Analysis: A representative lot detected increased DNA RNA hybrids at four actively transcribed genes upon shRNA-mediated knockdown of BRCA1 or BRCA2, but not PCID2 or RAD51 in HeLa cells (Bhatia, V., et al. (2014). Nature. 511(7509):362-365).

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Analysis: A representative lot detected R-loops formed over beta-actin gene using HeLa chromatin preparation. RNase H treatment of the chromatin preparation prevented clone S9.6 from immunoprecipitating target chromatin fragments (Skourti-Stathaki, K., et al. (2011). Mol. Cell. 42(6):794-805).

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) Analysis: A representative lot detected genome-wide distribution of DNA-RNA hybrids in budding yeast by ChIP-seq analysis (El Hage, A., et al. (2014). PLoS Genet. 10(10):e1004716).

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: Representative lots immunolocalized nuclear R loops by fluorescent immunocytochemistry staining of methanol-fixed H1 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and formaldehyde-fixed HeLa cells (Bhatia, V., et al. (2014). Nature. 511(7509):362-365; Ginno, P.A., et al. (2012). Mol. Cell. 45(6):814-825).

Immunoprecipitation Analysis: A representative lot immunoprecipitated in vitro transcribed R-loop substrate (DNA-RNA hybrid), but not doouble-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (Ginno, P.A., et al. (2012). Mol. Cell. 45(6):814-825).

Biological Information
Immunogen	DNA-RNA heteropolymer duplex prepared by transcription of phi X174 single-stranded DNA with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130).
Clone	S9.6
Concentration	Please refer to lot specific datasheet.
Host	Mouse
Specificity	Clone S9.6 bound the DNA-RNA heteropolymer and poly(I)-poly(dC) equally, but 100-fold higher levels of poly(A)-poly(dT) were required to achieve a similar degree of binding. Single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA and RNA, and ribosomal RNA were not bound by clone S9.6 (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130).
Isotype	IgG2aκ
Species Reactivity	All
Species Reactivity Note	All. Target DNA-RNA heteroduplex (R loop) structure is not sequence- or species-specific.
Antibody Type	Monoclonal Antibody
Purification Method	Protein G purified.

Biological Information

Immunogen

DNA-RNA heteropolymer duplex prepared by transcription of phi X174 single-stranded DNA with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130).

Clone

S9.6

Concentration

Please refer to lot specific datasheet.

Host

Mouse

Specificity

Clone S9.6 bound the DNA-RNA heteropolymer and poly(I)-poly(dC) equally, but 100-fold higher levels of poly(A)-poly(dT) were required to achieve a similar degree of binding. Single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA and RNA, and ribosomal RNA were not bound by clone S9.6 (Boguslawski, S.J., et al. (1986). J. Immunol Methods. 89(1):123-130).

Isotype

IgG2aκ

Species Reactivity

Species Reactivity Note

All. Target DNA-RNA heteroduplex (R loop) structure is not sequence- or species-specific.

Antibody Type

Monoclonal Antibody

Purification Method

Protein G purified.

Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance	Evaluated by Immunocytochemistry in HeLa cells. Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:50 dilution of this antibody immunolocalized nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-RNA hybrids in 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.3% Triton X-100-permeabilized HeLa cells.
Usage Statement	Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

Product Usage Statements

Quality Assurance

Evaluated by Immunocytochemistry in HeLa cells.

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:50 dilution of this antibody immunolocalized nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-RNA hybrids in 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.3% Triton X-100-permeabilized HeLa cells.

Usage Statement

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions	Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.

Storage and Shipping Information

Storage Conditions

Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.

Packaging Information
Material Size	100 μg

Packaging Information

Material Size

100 μg

实验耗材

分子生物学试剂

蛋白与免疫学

生化试剂

细胞及检测试剂

色谱及层析

仪器设备

实验服务

办公用品

Human Resistin Detection Antibody for ELISA (9 ml).

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