Anti-Tau-1, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate

Species Reactivity	Key Applications	Host	Format	Antibody Type
R, M, B	ICC, IHC	M	AlexaFluor®488	Monoclonal Antibody

Species Reactivity

Key Applications

Host

Format

Antibody Type

R, M, B

ICC, IHC

AlexaFluor®488

Monoclonal Antibody

Description
Catalogue Number	MAB3420A4
Description	Anti-Tau-1 Antibody, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate
Alternate Names	Microtubule-associated protein tau Neurofibrillary tangle protein Paired helical filament-tau PHF-tau
Background Information	Tau, a microtubulebinding protein which serves to stabilize microtubules in growing axons, is found to be hyperphosphorylated in paired helical filaments (PHF), the major fibrous component of neurofibrillary lesions associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau is thought to be the critical event leading to the assembly of PHF. Six Tau protein isoforms have been identified, all of which are phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK 3). Cellular and subcellular localization: In situ, anti-tau-1 has a stringent specificity for the axons of neurons. The antibody does not stain the cell bodies or dendrites of neurons, nor does it stain any other cell type (4). However, this in vivo intracellular specificity is not maintained in culture: anti-tau-1 stains the axon, cell bodies, and dendrites of rat hippocampal neurons grown in culture (5). The specificity of anti-tau-1 was originally thought to represent the restricted expression of tau to axons. Later studies revealed that this specificity is dependant on the state of phosphorylation. In dephosphorylated samples (samples treated with alkaline phosphatase) anti-tau-1 stains astrocytes, perineuronal glial cells, and the axons, cell bodies and dendrites of neurons, while in untreated samples, anti-tau-1 stains only axons (6). (The epitope recognized by anti-tau-1 is probably at or near a phosphorylated site.)

Description

Catalogue Number

MAB3420A4

Description

Anti-Tau-1 Antibody, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate

Alternate Names

Microtubule-associated protein tau
Neurofibrillary tangle protein
Paired helical filament-tau
PHF-tau

Background Information

Tau, a microtubulebinding protein which serves to stabilize microtubules in growing axons, is found to be hyperphosphorylated in paired helical filaments (PHF), the major fibrous component of neurofibrillary lesions associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau is thought to be the critical event leading to the assembly of PHF. Six Tau protein isoforms have been identified, all of which are phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK 3). Cellular and subcellular localization: In situ, anti-tau-1 has a stringent specificity for the axons of neurons. The antibody does not stain the cell bodies or dendrites of neurons, nor does it stain any other cell type (4). However, this in vivo intracellular specificity is not maintained in culture: anti-tau-1 stains the axon, cell bodies, and dendrites of rat hippocampal neurons grown in culture (5). The specificity of anti-tau-1 was originally thought to represent the restricted expression of tau to axons. Later studies revealed that this specificity is dependant on the state of phosphorylation. In dephosphorylated samples (samples treated with alkaline phosphatase) anti-tau-1 stains astrocytes, perineuronal glial cells, and the axons, cell bodies and dendrites of neurons, while in untreated samples, anti-tau-1 stains only axons (6). (The epitope recognized by anti-tau-1 is probably at or near a phosphorylated site.)

Product Information
Format	AlexaFluor®488
Control	Adult mouse brain tissue
Presentation	Purified mouse monoclonal IgG1 conjugated to Biotin in PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and 15 mg/mL BSA.

Product Information

Format

AlexaFluor®488

Control

Adult mouse brain tissue

Presentation

Purified mouse monoclonal IgG1 conjugated to Biotin in PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and 15 mg/mL BSA.

Applications
Application	This Anti-Tau-1 Antibody, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor 488 Conjugate is validated for use in IC, IH for the detection of Tau-1.
Key Applications	Immunocytochemistry Immunohistochemistry

Applications

Application

This Anti-Tau-1 Antibody, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor 488 Conjugate is validated for use in IC, IH for the detection of Tau-1.

Key Applications

Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry

Biological Information
Immunogen	Purified denatured bovine microtubule associated proteins.
Clone	PC1C6
Concentration	Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.
Host	Mouse
Specificity	This antibody binds to all known electrophoretic species of tau in human, rat, and bovine brain (one-dimensional SDS-PAGE).
Isotype	IgG2a
Species Reactivity	Rat Mouse Bovine
Species Reactivity Note	Demonstrated to react with Rat and Mouse. Predicted to react with Bovine based on immunogen design.
Antibody Type	Monoclonal Antibody
Entrez Gene Number	NP_776388
Entrez Gene Summary	This gene encodes the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) whose transcript undergoes complex, regulated alternative splicing, giving rise to several mRNA species. MAPT transcripts are differentially expressed in the nervous system, depending on stage of neuronal maturation and neuron type. MAPT gene mutations have been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, frontotemporal dementia, cortico-basal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy.
Gene Symbol	MAPT MAPTL MTBT1 TAU
Purification Method	Protein A Purfied
UniProt Number	P10636
UniProt Summary	FUNCTION: Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N- terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization. SIZE: 758 amino acids; 78878 Da SUBUNIT: Interacts with PSMC2 through SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with SQSTM1 when polyubiquitinated. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell membrane. Note=Mostly found in the axons of neurons, in the cytosol and in association with plasma membrane components. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in neurons. Isoform PNS-tau is expressed in the peripheral nervous system while the others are expressed in the central nervous system.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Four-repeat (type II) tau is expressed in an adult-specific manner and is not found in fetal brain, whereas three-repeat (type I) tau is found in both adult and fetal brain. DOMAIN: SwissProt: P10636 The tau/MAP repeat binds to tubulin. Type I isoforms contain 3 repeats while type II isoforms contain 4 repeats. PTM: Phosphorylation at serine and threonine residues in S-P or T- P motifs by proline-directed protein kinases (PDPK: CDC2, CDK5, GSK-3, MAPK) (only 2-3 sites per protein in interphase, seven-fold increase in mitosis, and in PHF-tau), and at serine residues in K- X-G-S motifs by MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (MARK) in Alzheimer diseased brains. Phosphorylation decreases with age. Phosphorylation within tau's repeat domain or in flanking regions seems to reduce tau's interaction with, respectively, microtubules or plasma membrane components. Phosphorylation on Ser-610, Ser- 622, Ser-641 and Ser-673 in several isoforms during mitosis. & Polyubiquitinated. Requires functional TRAF6 and may provoke SQSTM1-dependent degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). PHF-tau can be modified by three different forms of polyubiquitination. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination is the major form, 'Lys-6'-linked and 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination also occur. & Glycation of PHF-tau, but not normal brain tau. Glycation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that involves a covalent linkage between a sugar and an amino group of a protein molecule forming ketoamine. Subsequent oxidation, fragmentation and/or cross-linking of ketoamine leads to the production of advanced glycation endproducts (AGES). Glycation may play a role in stabilizing PHF aggregation leading to tangle formation in AD. DISEASE: In Alzheimer disease, the neuronal cytoskeleton in the brain is progressively disrupted and replaced by tangles of paired helical filaments (PHF) and straight filaments, mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated forms of TAU (PHF-TAU or AD P-TAU). & Defects in MAPT are a cause of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP17) [MIM:600274, 172700]; also called frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or historically termed Pick complex. This form of frontotemporal dementia is characterized by presenile dementia with behavioral changes, deterioration of cognitive capacities and loss of memory. In some cases, parkinsonian symptoms are prominent. Neuropathological changes include frontotemporal atrophy often associated with atrophy of the basal ganglia, substantia nigra, amygdala. In most cases, protein tau deposits are found in glial cells and/or neurons. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration (PPND) [MIM:168610]. The clinical features include ocular motility abnormalities, dystonia and urinary incontinence, besides progressive parkinsonism and dementia. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of corticobasal degeneration (CBD). It is marked by extrapyramidal signs and apraxia and can be associated with memory loss. Neuropathologic features may overlap Alzheimer disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Parkinson disease. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) [MIM:601104, 260540]; also known as Steele-Richardson- Olszewski syndrome. PSP is characterized by akinetic-rigid syndrome, supranuclear gaze palsy, pyramidal tract dysfunction, pseudobulbar signs and cognitive capacities deterioration. Neurofibrillary tangles and gliosis but no amyloid plaques are found in diseased brains. Most cases appear to be sporadic, with a significant association with a common haplotype including the MAPT gene and the flanking regions. Familial cases show an autosomal dominant pattern of transmission with incomplete penetrance; genetic analysis of a few cases showed the occurrence of tau mutations, including a deletion of Asn-613. & Defects in MAPT may be a cause of hereditary dysphasic disinhibition dementia (HDDD) [MIM:607485]. HDDD is a frontotemporal dementia characterized by progressive cognitive deficits with memory loss and personality changes, severe dysphasic disturbances leading to mutism, and hyperphagia. SIMILARITY: Contains 4 Tau/MAP repeats.
Molecular Weight	79 kDa calculated. Uniprot describes isoforms ranging from 33 to 81 kDa.

Biological Information

Immunogen

Purified denatured bovine microtubule associated proteins.

Clone

PC1C6

Concentration

Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.

Host

Mouse

Specificity

This antibody binds to all known electrophoretic species of tau in human, rat, and bovine brain (one-dimensional SDS-PAGE).

Isotype

IgG2a

Species Reactivity

Rat
Mouse
Bovine

Species Reactivity Note

Demonstrated to react with Rat and Mouse. Predicted to react with Bovine based on immunogen design.

Antibody Type

Monoclonal Antibody

Entrez Gene Number

NP_776388

Entrez Gene Summary

This gene encodes the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) whose transcript undergoes complex, regulated alternative splicing, giving rise to several mRNA species. MAPT transcripts are differentially expressed in the nervous system, depending on stage of neuronal maturation and neuron type. MAPT gene mutations have been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, frontotemporal dementia, cortico-basal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy.

Gene Symbol

MAPT
MAPTL
MTBT1
TAU

Purification Method

Protein A Purfied

UniProt Number

P10636

UniProt Summary

FUNCTION: Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N- terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role in its stabilization.

SIZE: 758 amino acids; 78878 Da

SUBUNIT: Interacts with PSMC2 through SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with SQSTM1 when polyubiquitinated.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell membrane. Note=Mostly found in the axons of neurons, in the cytosol and in association with plasma membrane components.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in neurons. Isoform PNS-tau is expressed in the peripheral nervous system while the others are expressed in the central nervous system.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Four-repeat (type II) tau is expressed in an adult-specific manner and is not found in fetal brain, whereas three-repeat (type I) tau is found in both adult and fetal brain.

DOMAIN: SwissProt: P10636 The tau/MAP repeat binds to tubulin. Type I isoforms contain 3 repeats while type II isoforms contain 4 repeats.

PTM: Phosphorylation at serine and threonine residues in S-P or T- P motifs by proline-directed protein kinases (PDPK: CDC2, CDK5, GSK-3, MAPK) (only 2-3 sites per protein in interphase, seven-fold increase in mitosis, and in PHF-tau), and at serine residues in K- X-G-S motifs by MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (MARK) in Alzheimer diseased brains. Phosphorylation decreases with age. Phosphorylation within tau's repeat domain or in flanking regions seems to reduce tau's interaction with, respectively, microtubules or plasma membrane components. Phosphorylation on Ser-610, Ser- 622, Ser-641 and Ser-673 in several isoforms during mitosis. & Polyubiquitinated. Requires functional TRAF6 and may provoke SQSTM1-dependent degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). PHF-tau can be modified by three different forms of polyubiquitination. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination is the major form, 'Lys-6'-linked and 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination also occur. & Glycation of PHF-tau, but not normal brain tau. Glycation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that involves a covalent linkage between a sugar and an amino group of a protein molecule forming ketoamine. Subsequent oxidation, fragmentation and/or cross-linking of ketoamine leads to the production of advanced glycation endproducts (AGES). Glycation may play a role in stabilizing PHF aggregation leading to tangle formation in AD.

DISEASE: In Alzheimer disease, the neuronal cytoskeleton in the brain is progressively disrupted and replaced by tangles of paired helical filaments (PHF) and straight filaments, mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated forms of TAU (PHF-TAU or AD P-TAU). & Defects in MAPT are a cause of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP17) [MIM:600274, 172700]; also called frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or historically termed Pick complex. This form of frontotemporal dementia is characterized by presenile dementia with behavioral changes, deterioration of cognitive capacities and loss of memory. In some cases, parkinsonian symptoms are prominent. Neuropathological changes include frontotemporal atrophy often associated with atrophy of the basal ganglia, substantia nigra, amygdala. In most cases, protein tau deposits are found in glial cells and/or neurons. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration (PPND) [MIM:168610]. The clinical features include ocular motility abnormalities, dystonia and urinary incontinence, besides progressive parkinsonism and dementia. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of corticobasal degeneration (CBD). It is marked by extrapyramidal signs and apraxia and can be associated with memory loss. Neuropathologic features may overlap Alzheimer disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Parkinson disease. & Defects in MAPT are a cause of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) [MIM:601104, 260540]; also known as Steele-Richardson- Olszewski syndrome. PSP is characterized by akinetic-rigid syndrome, supranuclear gaze palsy, pyramidal tract dysfunction, pseudobulbar signs and cognitive capacities deterioration. Neurofibrillary tangles and gliosis but no amyloid plaques are found in diseased brains. Most cases appear to be sporadic, with a significant association with a common haplotype including the MAPT gene and the flanking regions. Familial cases show an autosomal dominant pattern of transmission with incomplete penetrance; genetic analysis of a few cases showed the occurrence of tau mutations, including a deletion of Asn-613. & Defects in MAPT may be a cause of hereditary dysphasic disinhibition dementia (HDDD) [MIM:607485]. HDDD is a frontotemporal dementia characterized by progressive cognitive deficits with memory loss and personality changes, severe dysphasic disturbances leading to mutism, and hyperphagia.

SIMILARITY: Contains 4 Tau/MAP repeats.

Molecular Weight

79 kDa calculated. Uniprot describes isoforms ranging from 33 to 81 kDa.

Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance	Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry in adult mouse brain tissue. Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution of this antibody detected Tau-1 in adult mouse brain tissue.
Usage Statement	Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

Product Usage Statements

Quality Assurance

Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry in adult mouse brain tissue.

Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution of this antibody detected Tau-1 in adult mouse brain tissue.

Usage Statement

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions	Maintain refrigerated at 2-8 °C protected from light in undiluted aliquots for up to 6 months from date of receipt.

Storage and Shipping Information

Storage Conditions

Maintain refrigerated at 2-8 °C protected from light in undiluted aliquots for up to 6 months from date of receipt.

Packaging Information
Material Size	100 µL

Packaging Information

Material Size

100 µL

实验耗材

分子生物学试剂

蛋白与免疫学

生化试剂

细胞及检测试剂

色谱及层析

仪器设备

实验服务

办公用品

Anti-Tau-1, clone PC1C6, Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate

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