Glycochenodeoxycholic acid是从脱氧胆酸和甘氨酸在肝脏中形成的胆汁盐; 科研中可用于诱导肝细胞凋亡。
Description | Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research. | ||||||||||||||||
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IC50 & Target |
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In Vitro | Chenodeoxycholate is toxic to hepatocytes, and accumulation of chenodeoxycholate in the liver during cholestasis may potentiate hepatocellular injury. At a concentration of 250μM, glycochenodeoxycholate is more toxic than either chenodeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholate. Glycochenodeoxycholate cytotoxicity may result from ATP depletion followed by a subsequent rise in Ca2+. The rise in Ca2+ leads to an increase in calcium-dependent degradative proteolysis and, ultimately, cell death[1]. 4 h exposure of 50 μM GCDC induces apoptosis in 42% of hepatocytes. Intracellular PKC activity decreased to 44% of controls 2 h after exposure of hepatocytes to GCDC. GCDC-induced apoptosis is associated with decreases in total cellular PKC activity, which appear to be dependent on intracellular calpain-like protease activity[2]. | ||||||||||||||||
In Vivo | GCDCA induces ER-related calcium release within about ten seconds. Significant increases in activities of calpain and caspase-12 are observed after 15 h of GCDCA treatment. Bip and Chop mRNA expressions are increased with the treated GCDCA dose and incubation time. Cytochrome c release from mitochondria peaks in about 2 h of incubation[3]. | ||||||||||||||||
Solvent & Solubility | In Vitro: DMSO : ≥ 29 mg/mL (64.50 mM) * "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. Preparing Stock Solutions
* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. | ||||||||||||||||
References | |
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