Moxifloxacin (Hydrochloride) is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent. Target: Antibacterial Moxifloxacin is an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone which has improved coverage against gram-positive cocci and atypical pathogens compared with older fluoroquinolone agents, while retaining good activity against gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial spectrum of moxifloxacin includes all major upper and lower respiratory tract pathogens; it is one of the most active fluoroquinolones against pneumococci, including penicillin- and macrolide-resistant strains [1]. Moxifloxacin has limited phototoxic potential. In clinical trials, moxifloxacin had clinical success rates of 88-97% and bacteriologic eradication rates of 90-97%. Moxifloxacin is a safe and effective antimicrobial that will be useful for treating acute sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia [2]. Moxifloxacin possibly stimulates lipid peroxidation and enhances phagocytosis, as depicted by MDA production and survival prolongation, without being toxic as depicted by white blood cell count [3]. Clinical indications: Abdominal abscess; Acute bronchitis; Acute sinusitis; Bacterial infection Toxicity: Symptoms of overdose include CNS and gastrointestinal effects such as decreased activity, somnolence, tremor, convulsions, vomiting, and diarrhea. The minimal lethal intravenous dose in mice and rats is 100 mg/kg.

• [1]. Balfour, J.A. and H.M. Lamb, Moxifloxacin: a review of its clinical potential in the management of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Drugs, 2000. 59(1): p. 115-39.

  [2]. Culley, C.M., et al., Moxifloxacin: clinical efficacy and safety. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2001. 58(5): p. 379-88.

  [3]. Ioannidis, O., et al., Effect of moxifloxacin on the survival, lipid peroxidation and inflammation of immunosuppressed rats with soft tissue infection from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Microbiol Immunol, 2013.